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Foot hockey (also known as Hocker) is a sport related to hockey in which the only equipment is a ball, most commonly a tennis ball, that is kicked about the playing surface by the players in an attempt to score a goal on the opposing goaltender. It has been described as a "combination of hockey, soccer and handball"〔Adair: 2003, page P13. Foot hockey is sort of a combination of hockey, soccer and handball. Its end-to-end action just like in hockey.〕 and "a form of soccer with a tennis ball".〔Harris: 2005, pg 97. ...more like a form of soccer with a tennis ball, on streets and in parks.〕 Foot hockey is played indoors or outdoors; footwear is optional indoors, but must be worn by either all or none of the players. It may be unisex or coed.〔Pawlenty: , page 20. A few different rules applied, but the full-contact nature of the sport was fully intact. Even without pads. Even when your sisters were playing. It was a tough game, and you got to know it fast because everyone got in on the action.〕 Participation in foot hockey produced fewer catastrophic injuries than other winter sports in studies from 1986 to 1995.〔Tator: 2008, page 363. Sports such as snowboarding and ice hockey produced a large number of injuries, whereas other winter sports, such as ringette, broomball, boot hockey, and curling, produced fewer injuries.〕 The game is mostly played in grade schools, and is popular in Canada and parts of the United States. The usual age of foot hockey players can range from 6 to 13 years old. Because it has few requirements regarding equipment and can be played on most hard surfaces, it is more accessible than ice hockey.〔Blake: 2010, page 56. The Canadian identification with shinny is more comprehensive than with organized hockey because games like 'street hockey' or 'boot hockey' are open to all and do not cut off those who cannot afford team registration.〕 The game is listed amongst those to keep children interested in playground activities in the 1915 issue of ''The Playground'' published by the Playground Association of America.〔Playground Association of America: 1915, (pages 340—341 ). Other games to be played are: Volley ball, caddy, day and night, dodge ball, hang baseball, captain ball, long baseball, goal throwing, baseball, throw for distance, basket ball, battle ball, scrimmage, duck on rock, circle wrestling, tender green, three deep, marbles (ring), prisoners' base, hustle ball, foot and a half, mounted combat, foot hockey, fly ball catching. Athletic events can also be conducted by following the group or team idea.〕 In his book ''Brian Mcfarlane's NHL Hockey 1984'', Brian McFarlane mentions how brothers Joe and Brian Mullen played the game as kids in arena stairwells while waiting for ice time at the rink.〔McFarlane: 1984. Often the boys would play "foot hockey" in the arena stairwell, using crushed paper cups as pucks.〕 Anson Carter's introduction to ice hockey was a game of foot hockey played in his hometown of Scarborough, Ontario when he was a child.〔Harris: 2005, page 193. Carter, the New York Rangers forward, grew up in the Toronto suburb of Scarborough where "foot hockey" was his introduction to the sport.〕 Neal Broten played the game in his family's kitchen with his brothers.〔Coffey: 2005, page 146. Hockey was a way of life for Neal Broten almost from the start. Games would break out on the kitchen floor, three brothers battling around a rolled-up pair of socks. Out front on the street they'd play boot hockey...〕 A variant of the game, called "Sockey", is commonly played among elementary school children in Southwestern Quebec. Unlike the Ontario version, Sockey is most commonly played on outdoor hockey rinks in Fall and Spring using a soccer ball, designating specific board panels as "nets" and full body contact is permitted. Another variant of the game still called Foot Hockey, is played by children ranging from age 6 to 13. The version is played Southern and Eastern Ontario. The nets are either coats or the patterns among the walls, in this version players are allowed to move the ball with their feet and hands (by throwing it to each other) but must be kicked with their foot. Semi-Body contact is commonly allowed and the goalies commonly use baseball caps as gloves. 〔http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/Harper+invent+foot+hockey/5641044/story.html 〕 In the Indian state of Manipur, the game is called ''Khong-Kangjei''. ==Overview== There is one net at each end with one goaltender. The common goaltending equipment are jackets that are wore on backwards and untied so the ball does not hurt as it normally would, and in addition it is advantage as it covers up more of the net. After their goalie has possession of the ball he or she, can throw the ball, or kick down the court to one of their players. This sport is often played on asphalt or grass . 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Foot hockey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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